What is Evangelicalism?
What Is Evangelicalism?
Evangelicalism is a movement within Protestant Christianity that emphasizes the necessity of a personal relationship with Jesus Christ, centered on the forgiveness of sins and spiritual rebirth through faith in His atoning work. Evangelicals focus on the proclamation and living out of the gospel, which is the good news of salvation through Jesus Christ.
The term Evangelicalism is derived from the Greek words euangelion (meaning “good news” or “gospel”) and euangelizomai (meaning “to proclaim as good news”). At its core, Evangelicalism is about spreading the gospel message, as summarized by the apostle Paul in 1 Corinthians 15:3-5 (NKJV):
"For I delivered to you first of all that which I also received: that Christ died for our sins according to the Scriptures, and that He was buried, and that He rose again the third day according to the Scriptures, and that He was seen by Cephas, then by the twelve."
Historical Roots of Evangelicalism
The roots of Evangelicalism trace back to the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century, a period marked by a return to biblical authority and the rediscovery of essential truths such as justification by faith alone. Reformers like Martin Luther and John Calvin emphasized the centrality of Scripture (sola scriptura) and salvation by grace through faith (sola gratia and sola fide).
Evangelicalism as a distinct movement emerged during the great revivals of the 18th and 19th centuries in Europe and America. Leaders such as George Whitefield, John Wesley, and Jonathan Edwards preached a message of personal conversion, the necessity of being “born again” (John 3:3, NKJV), and the transformative power of the Holy Spirit. These revivals brought a renewed zeal for biblical interpretation, the application of God’s Word, and global missions.
Core Beliefs of Evangelicalism
Evangelicalism is grounded in several key theological principles:
The Authority of Scripture
Evangelicals affirm the Bible as the inspired, inerrant, and authoritative Word of God. 2 Timothy 3:16-17 (NKJV) declares:
"All Scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness, that the man of God may be complete, thoroughly equipped for every good work."Evangelicals believe that Scripture alone is sufficient for teaching, reproof, and guiding believers in all matters of faith and practice.
The Centrality of the Gospel
The gospel—the good news of Jesus Christ’s death, burial, and resurrection for the forgiveness of sins—is at the heart of Evangelicalism. Salvation is a free gift of God’s grace, received through faith in Jesus Christ alone. Ephesians 2:8-9 (NKJV) affirms:
"For by grace you have been saved through faith, and that not of yourselves; it is the gift of God, not of works, lest anyone should boast."The Necessity of Personal Conversion
Evangelicals emphasize the need for individuals to experience personal repentance and faith in Christ. This is often referred to as being “born again,” as Jesus explained in John 3:3 (NKJV):
"Most assuredly, I say to you, unless one is born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God."The Missional Mandate
Evangelicals prioritize evangelism and missions, seeking to fulfill the Great Commission of Matthew 28:19-20 (NKJV):
"Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all things that I have commanded you."This commitment includes proclaiming the gospel to all people and demonstrating Christ’s love through acts of service and compassion.
Transformative Faith
Evangelicalism teaches that true faith results in a changed life, marked by holiness, obedience, and love for God and others. 2 Corinthians 5:17 (NKJV) proclaims:
"Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation; old things have passed away; behold, all things have become new."
Evangelicalism in Contemporary Context
Traditionally, Evangelicalism has been theologically conservative, upholding the authority of Scripture and the necessity of salvation through Christ alone. However, the term has become increasingly broad and, at times, misapplied in modern contexts. Today, Evangelicalism may be associated with various cultural, political, or social movements, some of which diverge from its theological roots.
Misuse and Misunderstanding
In some circles, Evangelicalism has been equated with conservative political ideologies rather than its spiritual and theological foundations. While a biblical worldview often aligns with conservative values, politics is not the focus of true Evangelicalism. Its primary concern remains the proclamation and living out of the gospel.Diverse Expressions
Evangelicalism encompasses a wide range of denominations, traditions, and practices. While unified by core beliefs, its expression may vary based on cultural, regional, or denominational contexts.
Proclaiming the Gospel in Word and Deed
The true heart of Evangelicalism lies in proclaiming the gospel through both words and actions. Evangelicals are called to:
Preach the Word: Sharing the good news of Christ’s salvation.
Live the Word: Demonstrating the love of Christ through acts of service, justice, and compassion.
As Colossians 3:17 (NKJV) exhorts:
"And whatever you do in word or deed, do all in the name of the Lord Jesus, giving thanks to God the Father through Him."
Conclusion
Evangelicalism is a vibrant and vital movement within Protestant Christianity, rooted in the gospel of Jesus Christ and characterized by a commitment to Scripture, personal conversion, and the global proclamation of God’s love. Its focus remains on glorifying God by proclaiming the good news of salvation and living out the transformative power of Christ’s grace.
Evangelicalism’s enduring mission is best summarized in 2 Timothy 4:2 (NKJV):
"Preach the word! Be ready in season and out of season. Convince, rebuke, exhort, with all longsuffering and teaching."
In a world of shifting values and competing ideologies, Evangelicals are called to stand firm on the truth of God’s Word and to faithfully proclaim the unchanging gospel of Jesus Christ.
